WANI WUTAR SAMA TA RANA DA AKA BI HAR CIKIN TEKU

A ranar 30 ga Mayu 2026, jim kaɗan bayan 18:06 UTC, wata ƙwallon wuta mai haske ta ratsa gaɓar tekun Massachusetts da rana kuma ta ƙare a saman Cape Cod Bay. Mutane a faɗin yankin sun ji ƙarar sauti mai ƙarfi. Ofishin Muhallin Meteoroid na NASA ya ƙiyasta abin da faɗin kusan mita 1.6 da nauyin kilogiram 5,600.

Wata na’urar gwamnatin Amurka da CNEOS na NASA/JPL ya ruwaito ta sanya kuzarin bugunsa a kilotan 1.1 na TNT. A cewar takardar, abubuwa uku kawai a cikin kundin CNEOS na 2025 ne suka fi shi kuzari, kuma wannan yana kama da asteroid 2008 TC3, wanda ya faɗa a saman Sudan.

Masu bugawa masu girman mita ɗaya ba kasafai suke ba, kuma ba kasafai ake auna hanyoyin zagayensu da abin da aka yi su da shi a lokaci ɗaya ba, musamman da rana, lokacin da kyamarorin meteor ba sa ganin abu da yawa. A wannan karon, cikin sa’a, gungun kayan aiki gaba ɗaya na kallo.

Bin plasma

Radar na meteor SIMONe na Haystack Observatory na MIT yana aikawa a 31.65 MHz kuma yana saurare daga tashoshi biyar a New England. A wannan mitar ba ya ganin dutsen da kansa, sai dai plasma da dutsen ke samarwa yayin da yake yaga iska.

Ya kama “amon kai” (head echo), wato plasma da ke tafiya tare da meteoroid, daga kusan kilomita 90 zuwa 71. A ƙasa da haka, amo na ɗan gajeren lokaci daga hargitsin bayan sa sun ci gaba har zuwa kilomita 33.6, wani tsayi da ba a saba gani ba. Ƙungiyar ta kira wannan wuri ƙarshen radar (radar terminus), inda ake sa ran jikin zai farfashe. CNEOS ya sanya mafi girman haske a kilomita 32.0, ƙasa da kilomita 1.6 kawai.

Haɗa dukkan amon yana ba da hanya mai gangarowa da ƙarfi zuwa kudu maso gabas, a gudun kilomita 26 a kowace daƙiƙa a tsayin kilomita 100.

Tsarin kallo: na’urorin karɓa na radar meteor (triangles), mai aikawa (tauraro), radar na yanayi (lu’ulu’u); ɓangaren shuɗi shi ne hanyar da radar meteor ya gani, ɗigogin ja kuma meteorite masu faɗuwa da radar na yanayi ya gani. — Figure 2, Vierinen et al. (2026), arXiv:2610.24566, CC BY 4.0.

Meteorite a cikin radar na yanayi

Da zarar ƙwallon wutar ta mutu, guntuwar da suka tsira sun ci gaba da faɗuwa a cikin “tafiya cikin duhu” (dark flight). Radar na yanayi na yau da kullum sun kama su: radar na Boston ya ga alamomi daga kilomita 13.6 zuwa 7.6, sama sosai da gizagizai, waɗanda ƙolinsu ya kai kusan kilomita 6.5. Wani radar na filin jirgin sama ya ga wasu a sama da haka.

Wani samfurin tafiya cikin duhu da aka ciyar da waɗannan amon da iskokin da aka auna ya sanya yankin faɗuwar a cikin tekun, kusan kilomita 6 da 5, a cikin ruwa mai zurfin kusan mita 34. Guntuwa shida da aka yi samfurinsu suna da nauyi daga gram 3.2 zuwa kilogiram 1.4.

Filin warwatsuwar meteorite da aka hasashe: layuka masu ƙarfi, yawan meteorite da radar ya gani; layuka masu yanke-yanke, hasashe mai faɗi ga nauyi daga 0.1 g zuwa 10 kg. — Figure 8, Vierinen et al. (2026), arXiv:2610.24566, CC BY 4.0.

Jin girgizar

Ƙungiyar ta tattara bayanan matsi daga kowace tasha a buɗe a cikin kilomita 2,000: na’urori 199, ciki har da na’urorin Raspberry Shake/Boom da talakawa ke gudanarwa. Shida daga cikin waɗannan na’urori masu araha, a nisan kilomita 65 zuwa 101, ba su ba da tabbataccen sakamako ɗaya bayan ɗaya ba. Idan aka yi nazarinsu tare a matsayin “jeri na dama” (array of opportunity), sun nuna tushen a cikin kusan digiri ɗaya na ƙarshen radar.

Daga tsawon zagayen raƙuman infrasound, marubutan sun ƙiyasta kuzari na kusan kilotan 0.5, rabin adadin CNEOS amma a cikin bambancin da aka saba gani a irin waɗannan hanyoyi.

Dutse mai tauri da babu dangi

Alamomi da yawa suna nuna jiki mai nauyi, mai ƙarfi a tsari, wataƙila mai yawan ƙarfe. Plasma ya bayyana a makare, ƙasa da kilomita 90 kawai. Radar bai nuna wata alamar farfashewa ba a lokacin amon kai. Dutsen ya jure matsi na kusan megapascal 7, sama da yadda meteorite na dutse na yau da kullum ke farfashewa. Kuma faɗuwar tana da yawan manyan guntuwa: rarrabuwar nauyinta ita ce mafi lebur da aka taɓa aunawa zuwa yanzu.

Hanyar zagayensa tana daidai kan iyaka tsakanin comets da asteroids, kuma babu wani jiki uwa ko ruwan meteor (meteor shower) da ya dace da shi. Abin da aka yi shi da shi, marubutan sun jaddada, har yanzu yana buƙatar tabbatarwa ta hanyar meteorite da aka gano, waɗanda za a nemo su a ƙasan Cape Cod Bay.