Fitowar 2 Nuwamba, 2026

Hasashen girgizar ƙasa yana gaya maka yiwuwar karyewar layin tsagewar ƙasa (fault). Ba ya taɓa faɗin inda karyewar za ta fara. A 2019, wata ƙungiyar Japan ta gwada duk da haka.

Alamarsu: b-value. Tana kwatanta ƙananan girgizar ƙasa da manya, kuma tana raguwa yayin da matsi (stress) ke ƙaruwa. Bayan 2016, ta ragu a wuri ɗaya kawai a kan layin Hinagu.

A ranar 28 ga Yuli 2026, girgizar ƙasa mai ƙarfin 7.1 ta afka wa layin Hinagu. Cibiyarta a saman ƙasa (epicentre) tana da nisan kilomita 2.9 daga gefen murabba'insu na 2019. Wurin da ta fara, a zurfin kilomita 16, yana cikin yankin da b-value ke ƙasa.

A sanin marubutan, ba a taɓa buga wurin farawar wata babbar girgizar ƙasa tun kafin ta auku ba. Ɗan takararsu na gaba wani lanƙwasa ne a layin, wanda har yanzu yake ƙarƙashin matsi. Ba su ba da rana ba, wuri kawai.

Tushe: Advance identification of where the 2026 Kumamoto earthquake would begin, https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.39393

Supernova SN 2024afav tana cikin nau'o'in fashewar taurari mafi haske. Haskenta ya yi ta kyalkyali, da sauri fiye da yadda yake a da. Masana taurari suna kiran hakan ƙarar tsuntsu mai hawa (chirp), kuma karo na farko ke nan da aka gan ta ga supernova.

Injin da ake zato shi ne sabon magnetar da aka haifa, wato tauraron neutron (neutron star) mai saurin juyawa. Wani faifai a karkace na iskar gas da ke faɗowa yana raurawa a kewayensa. Wannan raurawa ce ke sa haske ya hau ya sauka.

Masana taurari uku na Amurka sun samo wata dangantaka (relation) da ba ta dogara da kowane saiti da ba a sani ba. Da aka ciyar da ita ƙarar farko kawai, ta yanke hukunci. Dole ne kyalkyalin ya daina ƙara sauri kusan rana ta 150, sannan ya rage gudu.

Sababbin bayanai sun bayyana ƙarin tuddai biyar, waɗanda yanzu suke ƙara nisa da juna. Ƙarar ta juya baya a rana ta 147, ƙari ko ragin kwanaki 3. Hayaniya ta bazata (random noise) tana kwaikwayon wannan tsari a ƙasa da 0.1% na kwaikwayo (simulations).

Tushe: A universal relation predicts the observed reversal of a supernova chirp, https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.39240

A shekarar 2024, wani blog ya wallafa hotuna 50. Ashirin da shida sun fito daga na'urorin AI masu samar da hotuna (image generators), an tace su don cire kurakurai a fili. Sama da masu karatu 11,000 sun yi hasashen waɗanda ɗan adam ya yi. Tsaka-tsakin maki (median) ya kasance 60%.

Masu karatun sun kuma faɗi hoton da suka fi so. Sun ɗauka ɗan adam ne ya yi shi a kashi 76.6% na lokuta. Sauran masu karatu sun ɗauki ainihin waɗannan hotunan a matsayin na ɗan adam a kashi 54.6% kawai.

Jan hankalin ya kasance da ƙarfi iri ɗaya lokacin da AI ce ta yi hoton da aka fi so. Shida cikin goma na hotunan da aka fi so sosai sun fito daga AI. Wani hoto da yawancin masu karatu suka gane cewa na AI ne ya yaudari kashi 22% na masoyansa.

Har masu karatun da ke ƙyamar zanen AI sun zaɓi hoton AI a matsayin wanda suka fi so a kashi 47% na lokuta. Huɗu cikin biyar daga cikinsu sun yarda cewa ɗan adam ne ya yi shi. Waƙoƙi (poems), da aka ba su maki kafin hasashen, suna nuna tsari iri ɗaya.

Tushe: Beauty Is Human: When People Love AI-Generated Art, They Think a Human Made It, https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.38113

Goge bit ɗaya na ƙwaƙwalwa (memory) yana da mafi ƙarancin farashin zafi. Landauer ya lissafa shi a 1961. Shin wani ƙaramin bit na gaske zai iya kusantar sa?

Wata ƙungiya a Urushalima ta kama guguwa (vortex) ɗaya, wato ƙaramar guguwa mai girman nanomita, a cikin siririn fim na niobium. Fim ɗin yana a kelvin 4.2. Guguwar tana hutawa a ɗaya daga cikin ramuka biyu, nanomitoci kaɗan tsakaninsu. Hagu ko dama: wannan shi ne bit.

Wata na'urar hangen ƙananan abubuwa ta maganaɗisu (magnetic microscope) ta bi motsinta har zuwa juzu'in nanomita. Jinkirin da ke tsakanin turawa da motsi ya bayyana makamashin da aka kashe. Ba a buƙatar ma'aunin zafi ba.

Wasu ma'aunai har sun sauka ƙasa da iyakar Landauer. Ba a karya wata doka ba: girgiza guguwar gaba da baya ba goge ta ba ne. Kwaikwayon (simulations) goge na gaske suna ba da kusan ninki biyar na iyakar.

Tushe: Approaching Landauer's limit in a single superconducting vortex memory bit, https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.37753

Nauyi (gravity) yana canza saurin tafiyar lokaci. Ka ɗaga agogo da mita ɗaya, sai saurinsa ya canza da kaso ɗaya cikin 10¹⁶. Mafi kyawun agogunan yau suna iya jin hakan.

Wata da Rana suna sauya siffar Duniya kuma suna canza nauyi a ƙarƙashin ƙafafunmu. Agoguna suna jujjuyawa tare da su, da har zuwa kaso biyar cikin 10¹⁷. Karin yana maimaituwa sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a rana.

Ɗakunan gwaje-gwaje na Turai sun kwatanta agogunan haske (optical clocks) da ke nesa da juna da kusan km 800, haɗe da wayar fiber. An motsa wani agogo mai ɗaukuwa daga Jamus zuwa Turin. Tazarar kowane nau'i biyu ta hau ta sauka tare da tumbatsa (tides).

Siginar tumbatsar ta fito fili cikin ƙasa da kwana ɗaya. A dukkan kwatance, abin da aka auna bisa abin da aka yi hasashe ya kai 1.00 ± 0.12. Manufa ta gaba: canje-canjen nauyi da ba su da sauƙin hasashe, kamar magma ko ruwan ƙarƙashin ƙasa.

Tushe: Optical clock network tracks tidal variations of the gravity potential, https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.39635

Ka ɗauki kowace siffa ka yanka ta guntaye, kowanne ya ɗan fi duka siffar ƙunci. Guntaye nawa dole ka yarda da su? A 1933, Borsuk ya yi hasashen ɗaya fiye da adadin girma (dimensions).

A girma biyu, guntaye uku kodayaushe sun isa. A uku, huɗu. A girma masu yawan gaske, hasashen ya gaza. Girma huɗu shi ne batu na farko da har yanzu ba a warware ba.

Mafi kyawun iyakar da aka tabbatar ta kasance tara, sannan takwas a farkon wannan shekarar. Masana lissafi huɗu yanzu sun nuna cewa bakwai kodayaushe sun isa. Ƙwallaye bakwai, kowanne ƙasa da faɗin siffar kaɗan, za su iya rufe ta.

An raba batutuwa mafi wahala zuwa akwatuna 23,494, kowanne an duba shi da ainihin juzu'i (fractions), ba tare da zagaye lamba ba. ChatGPT ya taimaka musu su sami hanyar; su ne suka duba kowane mataki. Shin biyar sun isa? Tambayar har yanzu a buɗe take.

Tushe: Borsuk number in four dimensions is at most seven, https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.39078

A 1859, Carrington da Hodgson sun ga wata walƙiyar rana (solar flare) ta haskaka saman ranar da ake gani. Tun daga lokacin ake ɗaukar irin waɗannan walƙiyoyin farin haske (white-light flares) a matsayin abubuwa da ba safai ake samu ba. 'Yan ɗaruruwa kawai aka sani, galibi manya.

Wata ƙungiya a China ta sake nazarin hotuna na shekaru 15 daga tauraron ɗan adam na SDO. Sun bi hasken kowane pixel, ɗaya bayan ɗaya. Kyamarar tana ɗaukar hoto duk bayan daƙiƙa 45.

Daga cikin walƙiyoyi matsakaita 1,951, guda 1,012 sun haskaka da farin haske: 51.9%. Har ma 36.9% na mafi ƙanƙanta, rukunin B, sun yi haka. Gwargwadon girman walƙiyar, gwargwadon hauhawar kason.

Me ya sa aka kasa ganinsu? Galibin ɗigogin masu haske ƙanana ne kuma suna wajen tabon rana (sunspots), inda bambancin haske (contrast) ke da rauni. Mai yiwuwa walƙiyoyi a kan wasu taurari ma sun fi yawa fiye da yadda ake tsammani.

Tushe: The Ubiquity of White-Light Flares on the Sun, https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.38419

Ƙwayoyin halitta masu rai suna ci gaba da samar da sababbin ayyuka ta juyin halitta, daga jure wa magunguna zuwa sababbin enzymes. Amma sauye-sauyen halitta (mutations) nawa hakan ke buƙata? Fagen dukkan jimillar ƙwayoyin gado (genomes) masu yiwuwa yana da girma fiye da misali.

Wata ƙungiyar Amurka ta yi samfurin da'irorin gado (genetic circuits) a matsayin hanyoyin sadarwa na ƙofofin dabaru (logic gates) masu sauƙi. Kowane sauyin halitta yana sake jona haɗi ɗaya. Manufar: a mayar da da'irar da ke lissafa NAND zuwa wadda ke lissafa AND.

Gwargwadon girman da'irar, gwargwadon tsawon binciken: kimanin sauye-sauyen halitta goma ga kowace ƙofa. Kusan dukkansu ba sa canza komai. Suna faɗawa kan wayoyin da ba su da wata rawa a cikin sakamakon fitarwa.

Idan maimakon haka aka fara daga da'irar da kowace waya ke da muhimmanci, girma ya daina tasiri. Ba yawan sauye-sauyen halitta masu yiwuwa ne ke ƙayyade saurin ba. Kason da zai iya taimakawa ne ke ƙayyade shi.

Tushe: How many mutations does it take to evolve a new function?, https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.40635

Kusa da tsakiyar Milky Way, wani gajimaren iskar gas yana girgiza saboda raƙuman girgiza (shocks). Wataƙila gajimarai masu karo da juna ne ke haddasa su. Suna fizge ƙwayoyi (molecules) daga ƙwayoyin ƙura masu ƙanƙara. Yana ɗaya daga cikin wurare mafi arziki don nemo sababbin ƙwayoyi.

Na'urorin hangen nesa na rediyo uku sun bincika shi a faɗin kusan GHz 150 na mitoci. Daga cikin siginonin: HNCOH⁺, wanda aka gani a sararin samaniya a karon farko.

Yana ɗauke da rukunin isocyanate, wanda marubutan suka kira jigon haɗin peptide (peptide bonds). Ƙwayoyi biyar kawai masu wannan rukuni aka sani a sararin samaniya a baya.

Abin mamaki: HNCOH⁺ ya fi tagwansa mai ƙarko yawa da kusan huɗu zuwa ɗaya. Ƙarko shi kaɗai ya yi hasashen akasin haka, da babban bambanci. A nan, ilimin sinadarai yana bin yadda ƙwayoyi ke samuwa, ba wadda ta fi ƙarko ba.

Tushe: Detection of HNCOH+ in the interstellar medium, https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.39654

Ana duba ƙarin ƙwaƙwalwa masu tsanani da ake kira high-grade gliomas da MRI duk bayan wata biyu zuwa uku. A tsakani, likitoci ba sa ganin abu mai yawa. Shin firikwensin wuyan hannu zai iya taimakawa?

Masu bincike a Imperial College London sun yi amfani da bayanai daga marasa lafiya da ke sanye da na'urar auna motsi (accelerometer) a wuyan hannu. Sun riƙe tafiya kawai, aka yanka ta guntaye na daƙiƙa 15. An kwatanta kowace rana da makonni biyu na farko bayan ziyarar asibiti ta baya.

Wani kayan aikin lissafi, path signatures, ya kama siffar waɗannan guntayen tafiya. Idan aka auna da lokutan da cutar kowane mara lafiya ta tsaya cak, tafiya ta fi canzawa lokacin da ƙarin ya ci gaba. Adadin takun bai nuna komai ba.

Wannan hujja ce ta yiwuwar ra'ayi (proof of concept) a kan marasa lafiya 11 kawai. Har yanzu ba ta nuna cewa tafiya tana canzawa kafin MRI ta canza ba. Manyan bincike, masu bin marasa lafiya rana bayan rana, su ne mataki na gaba.

Tushe: Detecting Brain Cancer Progression Through Signatures of Wearable Accelerometry Data, https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.38021