MOTOCIN ASIBITI 96 A MAKALE A ƘOFA, KOWACE RANA

Idan motar asibiti ta isa asibiti kuma sashen agajin gaggawa ba zai iya karɓar mara lafiyar ba, ma’aikatan suna jira, mara lafiyar har yanzu yana kan gadon ɗauka. Hukumomin motocin asibiti na Australia suna kiran wannan ramping. Takardar ta fassara shi a matsayin lokacin da ke tsakanin isowar motar asibiti asibiti da lokacin da aka sauke mara lafiyar daga gadon ɗaukar motar.

Ramping alama ce ta cunkoson sassan agajin gaggawa, amma tasirinsa yana yaɗuwa zuwa waje: motar asibiti da aka riƙe a ƙofar asibiti ba ta samuwa don kira na gaba. Binciken da aka yi a baya, kamar yadda marubutan suka lura, sun danganta irin wannan jinkiri da jinkirin amsawa ga marasa lafiya na gaba.

Shekaru huɗu, jiha gaba ɗaya

Ayesha Tanveer, Khandakar Ahmed da Assefa Teshome na Jami’ar Victoria da ke Melbourne, tare da Ziad Nehme da Oyetunde Gbadeyan na cibiyar bincike ta Ambulance Victoria — ita kaɗai ce hukumar motocin asibiti ta doka a jihar, tana yi wa mutane sama da miliyan 7 hidima a faɗin murabba’in kilomita 227,000 — sun nazarci kiraye-kiraye 2,850,575 daga Janairun 2020 zuwa Maris 2024. Don jinkirin miƙa mara lafiya, sun riƙe kaɗan fiye da jigila miliyan 2 zuwa asibitocin jihar 59 da ke da sashen agajin gaggawa.

Lokutan ramping sun bambanta sosai: matsakaicin shine minti 44, amma tsaka-tsakin (median) minti 31 ne, kuma jigila ɗaya cikin goma tana jira fiye da minti 91.

Sa’o’in suna taruwa

Idan aka haɗa su a tsawon lokacin, ramping ya ci sa’o’in motocin asibiti 1,491,127 — daidai da kusan motocin asibiti 96 da aka riƙe a asibitoci tsawon cikakken aikin sa’o’i 10, kowace rana tsawon shekaru huɗu da kwata. Babban birnin Melbourne ya ɗauki kashi 76.7% na wannan nauyi.

Asarar ta taru a wurare kaɗan. Asibitoci 10 da suka fi yawan sa’o’in da aka rasa sun ɗauki kashi 57.8% na su yayin da suke karɓar kashi 50.9% na jigila. Wannan ƙari yana ɓacewa bayan manyan asibitoci 25 zuwa 30. Asibitoci biyu za su iya kaiwa jimla ɗaya ta hanyoyi daban-daban: ɗaya ta dogon jira ga kowane mara lafiya, ɗayan kuma kawai ta yawan marasa lafiya.

Jira ba tare da la’akari da gaggawa ba

Raba kowace tafiya zuwa matakanta yana nuna inda lokaci ke tafiya. Tafiya daga wurin da abin ya faru zuwa asibiti tana ɗaukar kusan minti 19 zuwa 21 komai gaggawar mara lafiyar. A ƙofa, marasa lafiya mafi gaggawa (fifikon jigila na 1) ana miƙa su da sauri, tare da tsaka-tsakin ramping na minti 21.9. Amma ga ƙananan fifiko uku — minti 33.0, 27.4 da 36.5 — babu wani tsari ko kaɗan. Bayan hanzarta lamuran da suka fi tsanani, “tsawon lokacin da mara lafiya ke jira a ƙofar asibiti ba shi da alaƙa da gaggawar da aka tantance masa,” in ji marubutan. Jigilar da ba ta da gaggawa sosai ce ke da wutsiya mafi tsawo: ɗaya cikin goma tana jira fiye da minti 116.

Ƙololuwa a 2022

Sa’o’in da aka rasa a kowace shekara sun ƙaru daga 255,523 a 2020 zuwa 401,981 a 2022 — ƙarin kashi 57% — kafin su ɗan sauka a 2023. A wannan lokacin, yawan jigila zuwa sassan agajin gaggawa ya kasance kusan iri ɗaya, kuma matsakaicin ramping ga kowane lamari ya tashi daga minti 32 zuwa 52. Kason jigila mafi gaggawa shi ma ya ƙaru, daga kashi 10% zuwa 13%.

Marubutan sun jaddada wani muhimmin gargaɗi: bayanan sun fara ne a Janairun 2020, lokacin annoba, ba tare da wani tushe na kwatanci daga baya ba. Ƙololuwar 2021–2022 mai yiwuwa tana nuna dawowar buƙata ƙarƙashin dokokin hana yaɗuwar cuta na lokacin annoba, in ji su, maimakon faɗuwar aiki gaba ɗaya; kuma ƙarancin jinkiri na 2023–24 ba za a iya ɗaukarsa a matsayin hujjar ingantuwa ba.

Cunkoso da za a iya hasashe

Tsari biyu suna nuna cewa za a iya hango matsalar:

• Lokacin rana. Buƙata tana kaiwa ƙololuwa da tsakar rana; matsakaicin ramping ya fi ƙanƙanta da ƙarfe 6 na safe (minti 30) kuma yana kaiwa ƙololuwa tsakanin ƙarfe 6 zuwa 8 na yamma (kusan minti 50). Buƙatar kowace sa’a tana da matsakaiciyar alaƙa da ramping bayan sa’o’i uku (r = 0.365).
• Isowar kwanan nan. Idan babu wata motar asibiti da ta iso asibiti ɗaya a cikin sa’ar da ta gabata, tsaka-tsakin jira ya kasance minti 23.6. Bayan goma ko fiye, ya zama minti 45.2, kuma ɗaya cikin goma ta jira fiye da sa’o’i biyu. Tasirin yana ci gaba a kowace sa’a ta rana kuma yana bayyana asibiti bayan asibiti, ko da yake wasu asibitoci suna mayar da martani da ƙarfi fiye da wasu.

Daga bayani zuwa tura motoci

Binciken na lura ne kawai: ya dogara ne da bayanan motocin asibiti kaɗai, ba tare da bayanai kan gadajen asibiti ko ma’aikata ba, kuma ba zai iya nuna cewa sake rarraba motocin asibiti zai rage jira daidai gwargwado ba. Amma marubutan suna jayayya cewa cunkoso da ya taru a wurare kaɗan, yana bin agogo kuma ya dogara da halin da asibitin ke ciki a yanzu, shi ne ainihin abin da tsarin tura motoci zai iya amfani da shi — tushen gwaji, in ji su, na “tura motocin asibiti bisa la’akari da halin asibiti” (hospital-state aware ambulance routing).